look:强调看的动作,不一定看到结果 Look at the blackboard.see:强调看的结果,看到 I can see a bird.watch:强调专注地看,常指看运动中的事物 watch TV / watch a game
{listen·hear}都与'听'有关,listen强调动作,hear强调结果
辨析:都与'听'有关,listen强调动作,hear强调结果
listen:强调听的主动动作 Listen to me carefully.hear:强调听到的结果 I can hear someone singing.
{speak·say·tell·talk}都与'说'有关,用法各不相同
辨析:都与'说'有关,用法各不相同
speak:强调说话的能力或动作,后接语言 speak English / speak to sb.say:强调说的内容 He said he was tired.tell:告诉,强调传递信息 tell sb. sth. / tell a story / tell a lietalk:强调交谈、对话 talk with/to sb. about sth.
{big·large·great}都表示'大',但用法和感情色彩不同
辨析:都表示'大',但用法和感情色彩不同
big:常指体积、面积、重量等大,口语化 a big house / a big applelarge:较正式,常指面积、数量、容量大 a large population / a large amountgreat:常指伟大、重大,带感情色彩 a great man / a great idea
{small·little}都表示'小',small偏客观,little偏主观感情
辨析:都表示'小',small偏客观,little偏主观感情
small:客观描述大小,不带感情 a small village / a small doglittle:带有感情色彩,常含可爱、怜悯之意 a poor little girl / little time
{tall·high}都表示'高',tall指细长的高,high指从底到顶的距离大
辨析:都表示'高',tall指细长的高,high指从底到顶的距离大
tall:指人、树、建筑等细长物的高 a tall man / a tall treehigh:指位置高、价格高、温度高等 a high mountain / high price
{beautiful·handsome·pretty}都表示'好看',但适用对象和程度不同
辨析:都表示'好看',但适用对象和程度不同
beautiful:最常用,形容女性、风景、事物,程度最强 a beautiful woman / beautiful sceneryhandsome:常形容男性英俊,也可形容女性端庄 a handsome man / a handsome carpretty:形容小巧精致的美,程度较轻 a pretty girl / a pretty dress
{good·well}good是形容词,well是副词(作健康讲时是形容词)
辨析:good是形容词,well是副词(作健康讲时是形容词)
good:形容词,修饰名词 a good student / good newswell:副词修饰动词;作形容词表示身体健康 He plays well. / I'm not well.
{also·too·either}都表示'也',also和too用于肯定句,either用于否定句
辨析:都表示'也',also和too用于肯定句,either用于否定句
also:较正式,放在句中 She also likes music.too:较口语,放在句末 I like it too.either:用于否定句句末 I don't like it either.
{already·yet·still}already和yet常与完成时连用,still表示仍然
辨析:already和yet常与完成时连用,still表示仍然
already:已经,用于肯定句 I have already finished it.yet:还,用于否定句和疑问句 Have you finished yet? / Not yet.still:仍然,表示动作继续 He is still sleeping.
{affect·effect}affect是动词,effect是名词,都表示'影响'
辨析:affect是动词,effect是名词,都表示'影响'
affect:动词,影响 The weather affects my mood.effect:名词,效果/影响 The effect of the medicine is obvious.
{accept·receive}receive强调收到,accept强调接受(主观意愿)
辨析:receive强调收到,accept强调接受(主观意愿)
accept:接受,表示主观同意 I accepted his invitation.receive:收到,表示客观事实 I received a letter yesterday.
{borrow·lend}borrow是借入,lend是借出,方向相反
辨析:borrow是借入,lend是借出,方向相反
borrow:借入,从别人那里借 borrow money from the banklend:借出,借给别人 lend me your pen
{bring·take·fetch·carry}都表示'带/拿',方向和方式不同
辨析:都表示'带/拿',方向和方式不同
bring:带来,朝说话人方向 Bring your homework here.take:带走,远离说话人方向 Take this letter to the post office.fetch:去取来,往返动作 Fetch me a glass of water.carry:搬运、携带,不强调方向 carry a heavy box / carry an umbrella
{win·beat}win后接比赛/奖项,beat后接对手
辨析:win后接比赛/奖项,beat后接对手
win:赢得,后接比赛、奖项、战争 win the game / win a prizebeat:打败,后接对手 beat the other team / beat him
house:指建筑物,住宅 a big house / sell the househome:指家,有感情色彩 go home / my home townfamily:指家庭成员或家族 My family are all tall. / a big family
{street·road·way·path}都表示'路',但含义不同
辨析:都表示'路',但含义不同
street:城市中的街道,两侧有建筑 walk along the streetroad:公路、道路,连接城市之间 a country road / road to successway:方式、方向、路途 on the way / this way pleasepath:小径、小路 a garden path / a path through the forest
{job·work·career·profession}都和工作有关,但侧重点不同
辨析:都和工作有关,但侧重点不同
job:可数名词,指具体的一份工作 find a job / a part-time jobwork:不可数名词,泛指工作、劳动 hard work / go to workcareer:职业生涯,长期事业 a career in medicineprofession:专业职业,需专业训练 the teaching profession
{travel·trip·journey·voyage·tour}都表示'旅行',但方式和范围不同
辨析:都表示'旅行',但方式和范围不同
travel:泛指旅行,不可数 air travel / travel abroadtrip:短途旅行,可数 a business trip / a day tripjourney:长途旅行,可数 a long journey by trainvoyage:航海旅行 a voyage across the Atlantictour:观光旅游,有行程 a guided tour / tour the city
{have·there be}have表示拥有,there be表示存在
辨析:have表示拥有,there be表示存在
have:拥有、持有 I have a car. / She has two brothers.there be:表示某处存在某物 There is a book on the desk.
{happy·glad·cheerful·delighted}都与快乐有关,但程度和侧重点不同
辨析:都与快乐有关,但程度和侧重点不同
happy:最常用,一般性的快乐 I'm happy to see you.glad:因某事而高兴,常用于客套 I'm glad you could come.cheerful:性格开朗,积极乐观 She has a cheerful personality.delighted:非常高兴,令人愉悦 I'm delighted to meet you.
{sad·sorrowful·gloomy·depressed}都与悲伤有关,但程度不同
辨析:都与悲伤有关,但程度不同
sad:最常用,一般性的悲伤 I feel sad about the news.sorrowful:深沉的悲伤,悲痛 a sorrowful expressiongloomy:阴郁、暗淡、沮丧 a gloomy day / gloomy mooddepressed:抑郁的,长期低落 She's been depressed for months.
{angry·furious·mad·annoyed}都与生气有关,程度递增
辨析:都与生气有关,程度递增
annoyed:有点烦,轻微不满 I'm annoyed by the noise.angry:生气的,较常用 He was angry at the delay.mad:口语中指生气,也可指疯狂 Are you mad at me?furious:暴怒的,极度愤怒 She was furious about the decision.
{afraid·frightened·scared·terrified}都与害怕有关,程度递增
辨析:都与害怕有关,程度递增
afraid:最常用,一般性的害怕 I'm afraid of spiders.scared:口语化,受惊吓 Don't be scared.frightened:正式些,受惊的 The frightened child cried.terrified:极度恐惧 She was terrified of the dark.
{think·consider·ponder·reflect}都与思考有关,深度和方式不同
辨析:都与思考有关,深度和方式不同
think:最常用,一般的思考 I think it's a good idea.consider:仔细考虑,权衡 Please consider my proposal.ponder:深思,反复琢磨 He pondered the question for hours.reflect:反思,回顾 She reflected on her past mistakes.
{know·understand·comprehend·grasp}都与理解有关,深度不同
辨析:都与理解有关,深度不同
know:知道,了解事实 I know the answer.understand:理解,明白含义 I understand what you mean.comprehend:全面理解,领悟 I can't comprehend this theory.grasp:抓住要点,领会 She quickly grasped the concept.
{remember·recall·remind·memorize}都与记忆有关,但方向和方式不同
辨析:都与记忆有关,但方向和方式不同
remember:记得,回忆起 I remember her name.recall:主动回想,追忆 I can't recall where I put it.remind:提醒某人 Remind me to call him.memorize:背诵,刻意记住 Memorize these vocabulary words.
{ask·request·demand·beg}都与请求有关,语气和态度不同
辨析:都与请求有关,语气和态度不同
ask:最常用,一般的问/请求 Can I ask you a question?request:正式请求 We request your cooperation.demand:强烈要求,不容拒绝 I demand an explanation.beg:恳求,乞求 She begged him to stay.
explain:解释,说明原因 Please explain this rule.illustrate:举例说明,图示 Let me illustrate with an example.demonstrate:示范,演示 She demonstrated how to use it.clarify:澄清,使之清楚 Can you clarify your point?
{walk·stroll·stride·march·wander}都与走路有关,方式和态度不同
辨析:都与走路有关,方式和态度不同
walk:最常用,一般的走 I walk to school every day.stroll:悠闲散步 We strolled along the beach.stride:大步走,自信地走 He strode into the room.march:齐步走,行军 The soldiers marched forward.wander:漫无目的地走 She wandered through the market.
智星串联词网一词一串,牢记不散
英语单词学习·同义词辨析专题
共159组同义词 · A4竖排 · 2栏
赤陶红=首词 · 青瓷绿=同义词 · 紫色=辨析 · 蓝色=释义
智星串联词网: 一词一串,牢记不散2026-06-06
{look(v. 看)·see(v. 看见)·watch(v. 观看 n. 手表)}都与'看'有关,但侧重点不同
辨析:都与'看'有关,但侧重点不同
look:强调看的动作,不一定看到结果 Look at the blackboard.see:强调看的结果,看到 I can see a bird.watch:强调专注地看,常指看运动中的事物 watch TV / watch a game
speak:强调说话的能力或动作,后接语言 speak English / speak to sb.say:强调说的内容 He said he was tired.tell:告诉,强调传递信息 tell sb. sth. / tell a story / tell a lietalk:强调交谈、对话 talk with/to sb. about sth.
beautiful:最常用,形容女性、风景、事物,程度最强 a beautiful woman / beautiful sceneryhandsome:常形容男性英俊,也可形容女性端庄 a handsome man / a handsome carpretty:形容小巧精致的美,程度较轻 a pretty girl / a pretty dress
bring:带来,朝说话人方向 Bring your homework here.take:带走,远离说话人方向 Take this letter to the post office.fetch:去取来,往返动作 Fetch me a glass of water.carry:搬运、携带,不强调方向 carry a heavy box / carry an umbrella
{win(v. 赢)·beat(v. 打败;击打 n. 节拍)}win后接比赛/奖项,beat后接对手
辨析:win后接比赛/奖项,beat后接对手
win:赢得,后接比赛、奖项、战争 win the game / win a prizebeat:打败,后接对手 beat the other team / beat him
{wear(v. 穿)·put on(穿上)·dress(n. 连衣裙 v. 穿衣)}wear强调穿着状态,put on强调穿的动作,dress可指穿衣动作或状态
辨析:wear强调穿着状态,put on强调穿的动作,dress可指穿衣动作或状态
wear:穿着,表示状态 She is wearing a red dress.put on:穿上,表示动作 Put on your coat. It's cold.dress:给…穿衣(动作);穿着(状态) dress the baby / dress well
street:城市中的街道,两侧有建筑 walk along the streetroad:公路、道路,连接城市之间 a country road / road to successway:方式、方向、路途 on the way / this way pleasepath:小径、小路 a garden path / a path through the forest
job:可数名词,指具体的一份工作 find a job / a part-time jobwork:不可数名词,泛指工作、劳动 hard work / go to workcareer:职业生涯,长期事业 a career in medicineprofession:专业职业,需专业训练 the teaching profession
travel:泛指旅行,不可数 air travel / travel abroadtrip:短途旅行,可数 a business trip / a day tripjourney:长途旅行,可数 a long journey by trainvoyage:航海旅行 a voyage across the Atlantictour:观光旅游,有行程 a guided tour / tour the city
{have(v. 有)·there be()}have表示拥有,there be表示存在
辨析:have表示拥有,there be表示存在
have:拥有、持有 I have a car. / She has two brothers.there be:表示某处存在某物 There is a book on the desk.
happy:最常用,一般性的快乐 I'm happy to see you.glad:因某事而高兴,常用于客套 I'm glad you could come.cheerful:性格开朗,积极乐观 She has a cheerful personality.delighted:非常高兴,令人愉悦 I'm delighted to meet you.
sad:最常用,一般性的悲伤 I feel sad about the news.sorrowful:深沉的悲伤,悲痛 a sorrowful expressiongloomy:阴郁、暗淡、沮丧 a gloomy day / gloomy mooddepressed:抑郁的,长期低落 She's been depressed for months.
annoyed:有点烦,轻微不满 I'm annoyed by the noise.angry:生气的,较常用 He was angry at the delay.mad:口语中指生气,也可指疯狂 Are you mad at me?furious:暴怒的,极度愤怒 She was furious about the decision.
afraid:最常用,一般性的害怕 I'm afraid of spiders.scared:口语化,受惊吓 Don't be scared.frightened:正式些,受惊的 The frightened child cried.terrified:极度恐惧 She was terrified of the dark.
think:最常用,一般的思考 I think it's a good idea.consider:仔细考虑,权衡 Please consider my proposal.ponder:深思,反复琢磨 He pondered the question for hours.reflect:反思,回顾 She reflected on her past mistakes.
know:知道,了解事实 I know the answer.understand:理解,明白含义 I understand what you mean.comprehend:全面理解,领悟 I can't comprehend this theory.grasp:抓住要点,领会 She quickly grasped the concept.
remember:记得,回忆起 I remember her name.recall:主动回想,追忆 I can't recall where I put it.remind:提醒某人 Remind me to call him.memorize:背诵,刻意记住 Memorize these vocabulary words.
ask:最常用,一般的问/请求 Can I ask you a question?request:正式请求 We request your cooperation.demand:强烈要求,不容拒绝 I demand an explanation.beg:恳求,乞求 She begged him to stay.
explain:解释,说明原因 Please explain this rule.illustrate:举例说明,图示 Let me illustrate with an example.demonstrate:示范,演示 She demonstrated how to use it.clarify:澄清,使之清楚 Can you clarify your point?
{walk(v./n. 走)·stroll(n.v. 散步,漫步)·stride(v. 大步走)·march(v. 行军 n. 三月)·wander(v. 漫步)}都与走路有关,方式和态度不同
辨析:都与走路有关,方式和态度不同
walk:最常用,一般的走 I walk to school every day.stroll:悠闲散步 We strolled along the beach.stride:大步走,自信地走 He strode into the room.march:齐步走,行军 The soldiers marched forward.wander:漫无目的地走 She wandered through the market.
{run(v. 跑)·sprint(n./v. 短跑;冲刺)·jog(v. 慢跑)·rush(v. 冲)·dash(v. 猛冲 n. 破折号)}都与跑有关,速度和目的不同
辨析:都与跑有关,速度和目的不同
run:最常用,一般的跑 He runs every morning.sprint:冲刺,短距离快跑 She sprinted to the finish line.jog:慢跑,锻炼 I jog in the park every day.rush:匆忙赶路 Don't rush me.dash:猛冲,急奔 He dashed out of the room.
eat:最常用,一般的吃 Let's eat lunch together.bite:咬,咬一口 She bit into the apple.chew:咀嚼 Chew your food well.swallow:吞咽 He swallowed the pill.devour:狼吞虎咽 The hungry boy devoured the pizza.
{break(v. 打破 n. 休息)·crack(n. 裂缝 v. 破裂)·shatter(v. 粉碎)·smash(v. 粉碎)}都与破碎有关,程度和方式不同
辨析:都与破碎有关,程度和方式不同
break:最常用,一般的打破 He broke the window.crack:裂开,出现裂缝 The ice cracked under my feet.shatter:粉碎,碎成片 The glass shattered into pieces.smash:猛击粉碎 She smashed the vase in anger.
always:总是,100% She always arrives early.usually:通常,80% I usually walk to work.often:经常,60% We often go camping.sometimes:有时,40% I sometimes read before bed.seldom:很少,10% He seldom eats out.never:从不,0% I never stay up late.
fast:最常用,速度快的 a fast car / run fastquick:时间短,反应快 a quick answer / quick actionrapid:急剧的,迅速的 rapid growth / rapid changeswift:敏捷的,轻盈的 a swift runner / swift response
fairly:还算,比较(弱) The movie is fairly good.quite:相当,颇 She's quite talented.rather:相当,带消极意味 It's rather cold today.very:非常,最常用 Thank you very much.extremely:极其,极度 It's extremely dangerous.
learn:学会,获得知识 I'm learning English.study:研读,深入学习 She studies history at university.review:复习,回顾 Review your notes before the exam.practice:练习,反复训练 Practice makes perfect.
take:搭乘(公交/出租) take a bus / take a taxiride:骑(自行车/马) ride a bike / ride a horsedrive:驾驶(汽车) drive a car / drive to workfly:飞往,乘飞机 fly to Beijing / fly first class
house:房屋,建筑实体 They built a new house.home:家,有情感归属 There's no place like home.apartment:公寓,一套房间 I rent an apartment downtown.shelter:避难所,临时住所 a homeless shelter
job:具体的一份工作 I got a new job.work:工作的统称,不可数 I go to work at 8.career:职业生涯,事业 She has a successful career.profession:专业职业(需资质) the medical professionoccupation:正式,职业 Please state your occupation.
{climate(n. 气候)·weather(n. 天气)}气候vs天气,时间范围不同
辨析:气候vs天气,时间范围不同
weather:天气,短期的 What's the weather like today?climate:气候,长期的 Tropical climate / climate change
rise:vi. 上升,自身升高 The sun rises in the east.raise:vt. 举起,使升高 Raise your hand.arise:vi. 出现,产生 Problems arose during the project.
{lie(v. 躺;说谎)·lay(v. 放置)}易混淆,lie躺/lay放
辨析:易混淆,lie躺/lay放
lie:vi. 躺下,位于 (过去式lay) Lie down and rest.lay:vt. 放置,下蛋 (过去式laid) Lay the book on the table.
{sit(v. 坐)·seat(n. 座位)}坐vs使就座
辨析:坐vs使就座
sit:vi. 坐,自己坐 Please sit down.seat:vt. 使就座 / n. 座位 Please be seated. / Take a seat.
{win(v. 赢)·beat(v. 打败;击打 n. 节拍)·defeat(v./n. 击败)}赢:win+比赛/beat+对手
辨析:赢:win+比赛/beat+对手
win:赢得(比赛/奖项) We won the game.beat:打败(对手) We beat them 3-0.defeat:击败,较正式 The army defeated the enemy.
{borrow(v. 借用)·lend(v. 借出)}借入vs借出,方向相反
辨析:借入vs借出,方向相反
borrow:借入,向别人借 Can I borrow your pen?lend:借出,借给别人 Can you lend me your pen?
{listen(v. 听)·hear(v. 听见)}听:listen主动/hear结果
辨析:听:listen主动/hear结果
listen:vi. 主动听,强调动作 Listen to the teacher carefully.hear:vt. 听到,强调结果 I can hear someone singing.
{look(v. 看)·see(v. 看见)·watch(v. 观看 n. 手表)·observe(v. 观察;遵守)·notice(n./v. 注意)}看:程度和目的不同
辨析:看:程度和目的不同
look:vi. 看,强调动作 Look at the blackboard.see:vt. 看见,强调结果 I can see a bird.watch:vt. 观看,持续注意 watch TV / watch a gameobserve:vt. 观察,仔细看 Scientists observe the stars.notice:vt. 注意到,偶然发现 I noticed a change in her.
{many(adj. 许多(重复))·much(adj. 很多的(重复))·a lot of(许多(重复))}多:可数vs不可数
辨析:多:可数vs不可数
many:许多,修饰可数名词 many books / many peoplemuch:许多,修饰不可数名词 much water / much timea lot of:许多,两者皆可 a lot of friends / a lot of money
few:很少(否定),可数 Few people know this.a few:一些(肯定),可数 I have a few friends here.little:很少(否定),不可数 There is little time left.a little:一点(肯定),不可数 I need a little help.
because:因为,最常用,语气最强 I stayed because it rained.since:既然,已知原因 Since you're here, let's start.as:由于,较随意 As it's late, let's go home.for:因为,补充说明 It must be late, for the streets are empty.
{if(conj. 如果(重复))·whether(conj. 是否(重复))}是否:用法有区别
辨析:是否:用法有区别
if:如果/是否,口语常用 I wonder if he will come.whether:是否,更正式,可前置 Whether he will come is uncertain.
{accept(v. 接受;认可)·receive(v. 收到,接待)}接受vs收到,主观vs客观
辨析:接受vs收到,主观vs客观
receive:收到(客观事实) I received a letter.accept:接受(主观意愿) I accepted the invitation.
allow:允许,最常用 Smoking is not allowed here.permit:许可,较正式 You are not permitted to enter.let:让,口语化 Let me help you.forbid:禁止 The law forbids smoking in public.
big:大的,最常用,口语 a big house / big mistakelarge:大的,较正式 a large company / large amountgreat:伟大的,重大的 a great man / great ideahuge:巨大的,强调体量 a huge buildingvast:辽阔的,广大的 vast ocean / vast desert
change:最常用,一般的改变 Change your clothes.alter:部分修改,微调 Alter the design slightly.modify:修改,调整(技术性) Modify the settings.transform:彻底转变,变形 Caterpillars transform into butterflies.
choose:选择,最常用 Choose your favorite color.select:精选,仔细挑选 Select the best candidates.pick:挑选,口语化 Pick a card from the deck.elect:选举 They elected a new president.
{show(v. 展示)·display(v./n. 展示)·exhibit(v. 展示 n. 展品)·reveal(v. 揭示)}展示:方式和目的不同
辨析:展示:方式和目的不同
show:展示,最常用 Show me your homework.display:陈列,展示 The museum displays ancient art.exhibit:展览,表现 She exhibited her paintings.reveal:揭示,透露 He revealed the secret.
{finish(v. 完成)·complete(adj. 完整的 v. 完成)·accomplish(v. 完成;实现)}完成:程度和正式性不同
辨析:完成:程度和正式性不同
finish:完成,最常用 I finished my homework.complete:完成,较正式 Complete the form.accomplish:达成,成就 She accomplished her goals.
guess:猜测,不确定 Can you guess the answer?imagine:想象,脑中描绘 Imagine a world without war.suppose:认为,猜想 I suppose you're right.assume:假定,假设 Don't assume anything.
damage:损坏,部分伤害 The storm damaged the roof.destroy:摧毁,完全破坏 The fire destroyed the house.ruin:毁掉,使报废 The rain ruined my plans.wreck:失事,残骸 The ship was wrecked.
big:大的(口语常用) a big houselarge:大的(较正式) a large number of peoplegreat:伟大的,巨大的(带赞叹) a great man / great joyhuge:庞大的(强调体积) a huge elephantvast:广大的(强调面积/范围) a vast desert
angry:生气的(最通用) She was angry with me.furious:狂怒的(非常愤怒) He was furious at the news.mad:恼火的(口语) Are you mad at me?indignant:愤慨的(因不公而怒) indignant at the injustice
afraid:害怕的(最通用) I'm afraid of dogs.fearful:恐惧的(书面语) a fearful lookfrightened:受惊的(突然害怕) The noise frightened the child.terrified:极度恐惧的 She was terrified of the dark.
tired:疲倦的(最通用) I'm tired after work.exhausted:筋疲力尽的 I'm completely exhausted.weary:厌倦的,疲惫的 weary of waitingfatigued:疲劳的(正式/医学) chronically fatigued
{walk(v./n. 走)·stroll(n.v. 散步,漫步)·stride(v. 大步走)·march(v. 行军 n. 三月)·wander(v. 漫步)}近义:都与'走'有关,但方式不同
辨析:近义:都与'走'有关,但方式不同
walk:走(最通用) walk to schoolstroll:散步,闲逛 stroll in the parkstride:大步走 stride across the roommarch:行军,齐步走 march forwardwander:漫步,闲走 wander around the city
know:知道,认识(事实性) I know his name.understand:理解(深层领会) I understand your feelings.realize:意识到(突然明白) I realized my mistake.recognize:认出,承认 I recognized her voice.
{show(v. 展示)·display(v./n. 展示)·exhibit(v. 展示 n. 展品)·reveal(v. 揭示)}近义:都表示'展示/显示',但方式不同
辨析:近义:都表示'展示/显示',但方式不同
show:展示(最通用) Show me your homework.display:陈列,展示(公开展示) display productsexhibit:展览(正式) exhibit paintingsreveal:揭示,透露(隐藏的) reveal the truth
try:尝试(最通用) Try again.attempt:企图,试图(正式) attempt to escapemanage:设法做到(成功了) I managed to finish on time.succeed:成功(+in doing) succeed in passing the exam
speak:强调说话的能力或动作,后接语言 speak English / speak to sb.say:强调说的内容 He said he was tired.tell:告诉,强调传递信息 tell sb. sth. / tell a story / tell a lietalk:强调交谈、对话 talk with/to sb. about sth.
beautiful:最常用,形容女性、风景、事物,程度最强 a beautiful woman / beautiful sceneryhandsome:常形容男性英俊,也可形容女性端庄 a handsome man / a handsome carpretty:形容小巧精致的美,程度较轻 a pretty girl / a pretty dress
bring:带来,朝说话人方向 Bring your homework here.take:带走,远离说话人方向 Take this letter to the post office.fetch:去取来,往返动作 Fetch me a glass of water.carry:搬运、携带,不强调方向 carry a heavy box / carry an umbrella
{win(v. 赢)·beat(v. 打败;击打 n. 节拍)}win后接比赛/奖项,beat后接对手
辨析:win后接比赛/奖项,beat后接对手
win:赢得,后接比赛、奖项、战争 win the game / win a prizebeat:打败,后接对手 beat the other team / beat him
{wear(v. 穿)·put on(穿上)·dress(n. 连衣裙 v. 穿衣)}wear强调穿着状态,put on强调穿的动作,dress可指穿衣动作或状态
辨析:wear强调穿着状态,put on强调穿的动作,dress可指穿衣动作或状态
wear:穿着,表示状态 She is wearing a red dress.put on:穿上,表示动作 Put on your coat. It's cold.dress:给…穿衣(动作);穿着(状态) dress the baby / dress well
street:城市中的街道,两侧有建筑 walk along the streetroad:公路、道路,连接城市之间 a country road / road to successway:方式、方向、路途 on the way / this way pleasepath:小径、小路 a garden path / a path through the forest
job:可数名词,指具体的一份工作 find a job / a part-time jobwork:不可数名词,泛指工作、劳动 hard work / go to workcareer:职业生涯,长期事业 a career in medicineprofession:专业职业,需专业训练 the teaching profession
travel:泛指旅行,不可数 air travel / travel abroadtrip:短途旅行,可数 a business trip / a day tripjourney:长途旅行,可数 a long journey by trainvoyage:航海旅行 a voyage across the Atlantictour:观光旅游,有行程 a guided tour / tour the city
{have(v. 有)·there be()}have表示拥有,there be表示存在
辨析:have表示拥有,there be表示存在
have:拥有、持有 I have a car. / She has two brothers.there be:表示某处存在某物 There is a book on the desk.
happy:最常用,一般性的快乐 I'm happy to see you.glad:因某事而高兴,常用于客套 I'm glad you could come.cheerful:性格开朗,积极乐观 She has a cheerful personality.delighted:非常高兴,令人愉悦 I'm delighted to meet you.
sad:最常用,一般性的悲伤 I feel sad about the news.sorrowful:深沉的悲伤,悲痛 a sorrowful expressiongloomy:阴郁、暗淡、沮丧 a gloomy day / gloomy mooddepressed:抑郁的,长期低落 She's been depressed for months.
annoyed:有点烦,轻微不满 I'm annoyed by the noise.angry:生气的,较常用 He was angry at the delay.mad:口语中指生气,也可指疯狂 Are you mad at me?furious:暴怒的,极度愤怒 She was furious about the decision.
afraid:最常用,一般性的害怕 I'm afraid of spiders.scared:口语化,受惊吓 Don't be scared.frightened:正式些,受惊的 The frightened child cried.terrified:极度恐惧 She was terrified of the dark.
think:最常用,一般的思考 I think it's a good idea.consider:仔细考虑,权衡 Please consider my proposal.ponder:深思,反复琢磨 He pondered the question for hours.reflect:反思,回顾 She reflected on her past mistakes.
know:知道,了解事实 I know the answer.understand:理解,明白含义 I understand what you mean.comprehend:全面理解,领悟 I can't comprehend this theory.grasp:抓住要点,领会 She quickly grasped the concept.
remember:记得,回忆起 I remember her name.recall:主动回想,追忆 I can't recall where I put it.remind:提醒某人 Remind me to call him.memorize:背诵,刻意记住 Memorize these vocabulary words.
ask:最常用,一般的问/请求 Can I ask you a question?request:正式请求 We request your cooperation.demand:强烈要求,不容拒绝 I demand an explanation.beg:恳求,乞求 She begged him to stay.
explain:解释,说明原因 Please explain this rule.illustrate:举例说明,图示 Let me illustrate with an example.demonstrate:示范,演示 She demonstrated how to use it.clarify:澄清,使之清楚 Can you clarify your point?
{walk(v./n. 走)·stroll(n.v. 散步,漫步)·stride(v. 大步走)·march(v. 行军 n. 三月)·wander(v. 漫步)}都与走路有关,方式和态度不同
辨析:都与走路有关,方式和态度不同
walk:最常用,一般的走 I walk to school every day.stroll:悠闲散步 We strolled along the beach.stride:大步走,自信地走 He strode into the room.march:齐步走,行军 The soldiers marched forward.wander:漫无目的地走 She wandered through the market.
{run(v. 跑)·sprint(n./v. 短跑;冲刺)·jog(v. 慢跑)·rush(v. 冲)·dash(v. 猛冲 n. 破折号)}都与跑有关,速度和目的不同
辨析:都与跑有关,速度和目的不同
run:最常用,一般的跑 He runs every morning.sprint:冲刺,短距离快跑 She sprinted to the finish line.jog:慢跑,锻炼 I jog in the park every day.rush:匆忙赶路 Don't rush me.dash:猛冲,急奔 He dashed out of the room.
eat:最常用,一般的吃 Let's eat lunch together.bite:咬,咬一口 She bit into the apple.chew:咀嚼 Chew your food well.swallow:吞咽 He swallowed the pill.devour:狼吞虎咽 The hungry boy devoured the pizza.
{break(v. 打破 n. 休息)·crack(n. 裂缝 v. 破裂)·shatter(v. 粉碎)·smash(v. 粉碎)}都与破碎有关,程度和方式不同
辨析:都与破碎有关,程度和方式不同
break:最常用,一般的打破 He broke the window.crack:裂开,出现裂缝 The ice cracked under my feet.shatter:粉碎,碎成片 The glass shattered into pieces.smash:猛击粉碎 She smashed the vase in anger.
always:总是,100% She always arrives early.usually:通常,80% I usually walk to work.often:经常,60% We often go camping.sometimes:有时,40% I sometimes read before bed.seldom:很少,10% He seldom eats out.never:从不,0% I never stay up late.
fast:最常用,速度快的 a fast car / run fastquick:时间短,反应快 a quick answer / quick actionrapid:急剧的,迅速的 rapid growth / rapid changeswift:敏捷的,轻盈的 a swift runner / swift response
fairly:还算,比较(弱) The movie is fairly good.quite:相当,颇 She's quite talented.rather:相当,带消极意味 It's rather cold today.very:非常,最常用 Thank you very much.extremely:极其,极度 It's extremely dangerous.
learn:学会,获得知识 I'm learning English.study:研读,深入学习 She studies history at university.review:复习,回顾 Review your notes before the exam.practice:练习,反复训练 Practice makes perfect.
take:搭乘(公交/出租) take a bus / take a taxiride:骑(自行车/马) ride a bike / ride a horsedrive:驾驶(汽车) drive a car / drive to workfly:飞往,乘飞机 fly to Beijing / fly first class
house:房屋,建筑实体 They built a new house.home:家,有情感归属 There's no place like home.apartment:公寓,一套房间 I rent an apartment downtown.shelter:避难所,临时住所 a homeless shelter
job:具体的一份工作 I got a new job.work:工作的统称,不可数 I go to work at 8.career:职业生涯,事业 She has a successful career.profession:专业职业(需资质) the medical professionoccupation:正式,职业 Please state your occupation.
{climate(n. 气候)·weather(n. 天气)}气候vs天气,时间范围不同
辨析:气候vs天气,时间范围不同
weather:天气,短期的 What's the weather like today?climate:气候,长期的 Tropical climate / climate change
rise:vi. 上升,自身升高 The sun rises in the east.raise:vt. 举起,使升高 Raise your hand.arise:vi. 出现,产生 Problems arose during the project.
{lie(v. 躺;说谎)·lay(v. 放置)}易混淆,lie躺/lay放
辨析:易混淆,lie躺/lay放
lie:vi. 躺下,位于 (过去式lay) Lie down and rest.lay:vt. 放置,下蛋 (过去式laid) Lay the book on the table.
{sit(v. 坐)·seat(n. 座位)}坐vs使就座
辨析:坐vs使就座
sit:vi. 坐,自己坐 Please sit down.seat:vt. 使就座 / n. 座位 Please be seated. / Take a seat.
{win(v. 赢)·beat(v. 打败;击打 n. 节拍)·defeat(v./n. 击败)}赢:win+比赛/beat+对手
辨析:赢:win+比赛/beat+对手
win:赢得(比赛/奖项) We won the game.beat:打败(对手) We beat them 3-0.defeat:击败,较正式 The army defeated the enemy.
{borrow(v. 借用)·lend(v. 借出)}借入vs借出,方向相反
辨析:借入vs借出,方向相反
borrow:借入,向别人借 Can I borrow your pen?lend:借出,借给别人 Can you lend me your pen?
{listen(v. 听)·hear(v. 听见)}听:listen主动/hear结果
辨析:听:listen主动/hear结果
listen:vi. 主动听,强调动作 Listen to the teacher carefully.hear:vt. 听到,强调结果 I can hear someone singing.
{look(v. 看)·see(v. 看见)·watch(v. 观看 n. 手表)·observe(v. 观察;遵守)·notice(n./v. 注意)}看:程度和目的不同
辨析:看:程度和目的不同
look:vi. 看,强调动作 Look at the blackboard.see:vt. 看见,强调结果 I can see a bird.watch:vt. 观看,持续注意 watch TV / watch a gameobserve:vt. 观察,仔细看 Scientists observe the stars.notice:vt. 注意到,偶然发现 I noticed a change in her.
{many(adj. 许多(重复))·much(adj. 很多的(重复))·a lot of(许多(重复))}多:可数vs不可数
辨析:多:可数vs不可数
many:许多,修饰可数名词 many books / many peoplemuch:许多,修饰不可数名词 much water / much timea lot of:许多,两者皆可 a lot of friends / a lot of money
few:很少(否定),可数 Few people know this.a few:一些(肯定),可数 I have a few friends here.little:很少(否定),不可数 There is little time left.a little:一点(肯定),不可数 I need a little help.
because:因为,最常用,语气最强 I stayed because it rained.since:既然,已知原因 Since you're here, let's start.as:由于,较随意 As it's late, let's go home.for:因为,补充说明 It must be late, for the streets are empty.
{if(conj. 如果(重复))·whether(conj. 是否(重复))}是否:用法有区别
辨析:是否:用法有区别
if:如果/是否,口语常用 I wonder if he will come.whether:是否,更正式,可前置 Whether he will come is uncertain.
{accept(v. 接受;认可)·receive(v. 收到,接待)}接受vs收到,主观vs客观
辨析:接受vs收到,主观vs客观
receive:收到(客观事实) I received a letter.accept:接受(主观意愿) I accepted the invitation.
allow:允许,最常用 Smoking is not allowed here.permit:许可,较正式 You are not permitted to enter.let:让,口语化 Let me help you.forbid:禁止 The law forbids smoking in public.
big:大的,最常用,口语 a big house / big mistakelarge:大的,较正式 a large company / large amountgreat:伟大的,重大的 a great man / great ideahuge:巨大的,强调体量 a huge buildingvast:辽阔的,广大的 vast ocean / vast desert
change:最常用,一般的改变 Change your clothes.alter:部分修改,微调 Alter the design slightly.modify:修改,调整(技术性) Modify the settings.transform:彻底转变,变形 Caterpillars transform into butterflies.
choose:选择,最常用 Choose your favorite color.select:精选,仔细挑选 Select the best candidates.pick:挑选,口语化 Pick a card from the deck.elect:选举 They elected a new president.
{show(v. 展示)·display(v./n. 展示)·exhibit(v. 展示 n. 展品)·reveal(v. 揭示)}展示:方式和目的不同
辨析:展示:方式和目的不同
show:展示,最常用 Show me your homework.display:陈列,展示 The museum displays ancient art.exhibit:展览,表现 She exhibited her paintings.reveal:揭示,透露 He revealed the secret.
{finish(v. 完成)·complete(adj. 完整的 v. 完成)·accomplish(v. 完成;实现)}完成:程度和正式性不同
辨析:完成:程度和正式性不同
finish:完成,最常用 I finished my homework.complete:完成,较正式 Complete the form.accomplish:达成,成就 She accomplished her goals.
guess:猜测,不确定 Can you guess the answer?imagine:想象,脑中描绘 Imagine a world without war.suppose:认为,猜想 I suppose you're right.assume:假定,假设 Don't assume anything.
damage:损坏,部分伤害 The storm damaged the roof.destroy:摧毁,完全破坏 The fire destroyed the house.ruin:毁掉,使报废 The rain ruined my plans.wreck:失事,残骸 The ship was wrecked.
big:大的(口语常用) a big houselarge:大的(较正式) a large number of peoplegreat:伟大的,巨大的(带赞叹) a great man / great joyhuge:庞大的(强调体积) a huge elephantvast:广大的(强调面积/范围) a vast desert
angry:生气的(最通用) She was angry with me.furious:狂怒的(非常愤怒) He was furious at the news.mad:恼火的(口语) Are you mad at me?indignant:愤慨的(因不公而怒) indignant at the injustice
afraid:害怕的(最通用) I'm afraid of dogs.fearful:恐惧的(书面语) a fearful lookfrightened:受惊的(突然害怕) The noise frightened the child.terrified:极度恐惧的 She was terrified of the dark.
tired:疲倦的(最通用) I'm tired after work.exhausted:筋疲力尽的 I'm completely exhausted.weary:厌倦的,疲惫的 weary of waitingfatigued:疲劳的(正式/医学) chronically fatigued
{walk(v./n. 走)·stroll(n.v. 散步,漫步)·stride(v. 大步走)·march(v. 行军 n. 三月)·wander(v. 漫步)}近义:都与'走'有关,但方式不同
辨析:近义:都与'走'有关,但方式不同
walk:走(最通用) walk to schoolstroll:散步,闲逛 stroll in the parkstride:大步走 stride across the roommarch:行军,齐步走 march forwardwander:漫步,闲走 wander around the city
know:知道,认识(事实性) I know his name.understand:理解(深层领会) I understand your feelings.realize:意识到(突然明白) I realized my mistake.recognize:认出,承认 I recognized her voice.
{show(v. 展示)·display(v./n. 展示)·exhibit(v. 展示 n. 展品)·reveal(v. 揭示)}近义:都表示'展示/显示',但方式不同
辨析:近义:都表示'展示/显示',但方式不同
show:展示(最通用) Show me your homework.display:陈列,展示(公开展示) display productsexhibit:展览(正式) exhibit paintingsreveal:揭示,透露(隐藏的) reveal the truth
try:尝试(最通用) Try again.attempt:企图,试图(正式) attempt to escapemanage:设法做到(成功了) I managed to finish on time.succeed:成功(+in doing) succeed in passing the exam